The Tanuki and the White Snake

Translated from Edo Tokyo Kaii Hyakumonogatari

In front of the gate of Yanaka Ten-O temple, there was a barber named Hokkoshi Junto who was very fond of birds.  Juno kept a great variety of birds, both large and small. But recently, when he went to feed them in the morning, he found that the birds were disappearing one-by-one.  Someone must be stealing his precious birds, Junto thought. So he hid himself in the dark one night to catch the culprit in the act.

But he saw nothing. Well, if there was no human thief, Junto thought, surely this must be the handiwork of some rouge dog or cat.  He resolved to shoot the beast if he ever caught it feeding on his birds.

With this occupying his thoughts, Junto returned home to his bed and lay down to sleep.  No sooner had his head touched his pillow than a beautiful and elegant lady of courtly bearing, no more than twenty years old, appeared before him.  She spoke to Junto.

“I am the White Snake who has lived in the five-storied pagoda in Yanaka Ten-O temple, and protected this district for more than a hundred years.  I have many grandchildren who also live in the temple and protect the people.  But recently a Great Tanuki has come down from Dokan Mountain and taken up residence in the temple.  He has been feasting on my family, on the small white snakes. Soon will come to eat me too.  We have lived here for over a hundred years in peace, and our fear of this Great Tanuki is such that it cannot be expressed.  When all the baby snakes have become his food, and when he has finished with me, there will be no more white snakes in Yanaka Ten-O. ”

“Not only my family is in peril. This Great Tanuki has also been gorging himself on the birds that you keep.  He has escaped you unseen and unnoticed.  So I have come to you in your dreams that I may show you your true enemy.  We are helpless, and need the power of humans to rid us of this Great Tanuki.  If you find it difficult to believe what I say, go to the temple graveyard in the morning and you will find the aftermath of your bird-thief.  I beg of you, please hurry and destroy this evil tanuki.”

With that said, Junto opened his eyes and found himself in his own room, alone.

A strange dream indeed, thought Junto, and worth investigating.  The following morning he went with all possible speed to the graveyard of Yanaka Ten-O temple, and found ample evidence of the Great Tanuki’s deeds.  The feathers and bones of his beautiful birds were scattered carelessly about.

The dream was proved true beyond a shadow of a doubt, and Junko gathered the young men of the village to deliver the White Snake’s vengeance. The Great Tanuki was discovered lurking in the temple grounds and destroyed.

Yokai of the House

Translated from Mizuki Shigeru’s Yokai Daihyakka

 Shiryo – The Dead Spirit

Shiryo are the spirits of those who died and did not receive the proper respect after death.  From this, they change to become a form of yokai.

In the forty-nine days following death, if a family does not visit the grave, or set tea in remembrance before the family Buddhist altar,  instead of moving on to become a protective ancestor spirit the dead soul will return as a grudge-bearing Shiryo

 Amamehagi

Long ago in Kashima district in Noto (Modern day Ishikawa prefecture), when the bells sounded on New Year’s Eve to ring in the coming of the new year, the Amamehagi came creeping dowm from the mountains.

If they found any children out after dark, the Amamehagi would strip the skin from the children’s feet and wear them as shoes.

Needless to say, in those olden times all the children of Noto went to bed early on New Year’s Eve.

The Long-tongued Old Woman

Mizuki Shigeru Long Tongue Woman

Translated from Nihon no Obake: Shitanaga Basan

“Kaw Kaw Kaw”

Crows flew through the skies forming black swarms, heading home to roost.  They flew home on the autumn winds.  Noisily, they gathered amidst the pampas grass.

A samurai also was also walking through the wide field, heading from the South to the North. The sun was slowly sinking beyond the horizon, and against the setting sun the samurai was a solitary black silhouette. The autumn season meant that the days were short, and night fell at a rapid pace.  Soon, across the dark field only a single light was seen wavering.

The samurai pressed forward, parting the towering pampas grass and using the light to guide his way.  At length, he came across an abandoned house, with slanting eaves and a broken door.  From inside the wavering light could be seen.

“Knock Knock Knock”

The samurai rapped on the old door.

“Good evening…good evening”

“Yes?  Who is it?”

A head poked out from inside the door, with a shock of unkempt white hair and a face as wrinkled as a pickled plum.  It was an old women, shoulders bent with age.

“I am a weary traveler who has lost his way.  Would you please permit me to stay here for the night?”

“Ho ho…so you want to stay tonight?  To tell the truth, you are not the first lost traveler to find your way to my door tonight.  If one person stays the night, what matters if it is two?  My house is old and in ill-repair, but please come in and make yourself at home.”

Inside the samurai saw an old man dozing against a pole.  When the samurai entered, the old man opened a single eye and offered him a greeting.   With that done, he soon returned to his slumber.  The square box wrapped in cloth and propping up his back while he slept marked the old man as a traveling medicine-merchant.

“Come here…come here…”

The old woman motioned the samurai to a place near the hearth.  Inside there were baking sweet potatoes and chestnuts.

“I am afraid I have no rice to offer, but please take some of my humble fare.”

“Thank you.  I am indebted to you for your kindness.”

The old woman also took a kettle from the hearth, and prepared a cup of tea for the samurai.  With that done, she sat at her spinning wheel and returned to her own work.

“Swoosh…swoosh…swoosh…swoosh…”

The rhythmic sound of the spinning wheel filled the room, and while the samurai nibbled at the sweet potatoes he was suddenly overcome with a strange sleepiness.  Although he struggled to stay awake, before too long his energy was exhausted.

He slumped over but fought to keep a single eye open, and with that he saw a long tongue stretch out and begin to lick the head of the medicine-merchant.  That long tongue, looking like one of the lengths of yarn used in spinning, was stretched out from the mouth of the old woman.

Without thinking, the samurai gave a shout:

“Oh!”

With that, the long tongue vanished in an instant.

“Swoosh…swoosh…swoosh…swoosh…”

The sound of the spinning wheel continued as if nothing had happened.  The samurai, still overcome by tiredness, fell into a light doze.  Again he struggled awake, and again he saw the tongue stretching out towards the medicine-merchant.

“Long-tongued Old Woman…Long-tongued Old Woman…do you plan to eat them all by yourself?”

This voice came from the window.

“Yes indeed!  Why are you anyways>”

“I am the serving plate.  If I give you a hand, can a have a bit of one of them for myself?”

With that the window was jammed open and a huge serving plate with a face came pushing through.

With that frightful vision the samurai’s weariness flew off of him.

“These…these are obake!”

Like lightning the samurai drew his katana from his sheath, raised it over his head and brought it slicing down on the monstrous serving dish.

“Hiiiyah!”

But the dish was faster than the katana, and was back out the window while the samurai cut only air.

“Ha ha ha ha!”

The serving tray opened a wide mouth that stretched from ear to ear, and shook with the force of its laughter.  The voice was as terrible as thunder.

With the serving tray’s voice still ringing, the long-tongued old woman gathered up the old medicine merchant under her left arm and leapt out the door into the night.  As soon as she passed through the frame, the entire house vanished in an eye-blink and the samurai found himself standing alone outside, still in the wide field of pampas grass.

The samurai found shelter in a nearby pine tree where he tucked down near the roots and waited for morning.

The next day, in a grassy thicket full of wild chrysanthemum flowers a pure white object could be seen.   Looking closer, it was seen to be a fresh human skull, and nearby lay the square-box of a medicine-merchant.

“Kaw Kaw Kaw”

The crows, crying their disturbing call, flew through the sky as they always did.

The Kappa of Mikawa-cho

Translated from Edo Tokyo Kaii Hyakumonogatari

In Kanda, in the vicinity of the town of Mikawa, there was a man named Kichigoro.  One late, rainy night he was out running errands for his business when he passed by through the gate leading to Sujikai bridge.  There he saw a young boy, about five or six years old, shuffling along the path.

“That is a brave kid to be out like this in the middle of the night…Hey, were are you going?

He asked the young boy, and when the boy turned his face in answer, he saw a face with a swarthy completion, eyes the color of blood and a mouth that stretched across his face from ear to ear.

Kichigoro was generally a brave man and so even this was not enough to shock him.  But when he stretched his neck to take a closer look, the strange creature suddenly jumped into the shadows and disappeared.

Kichigoro flew home as fast as he could where he quickly fell into bed.

“So it seems that the famous kappa does exist after all…”

The One-Armed Kappa

Translated from Nihon no Obake Banashi

Long, long ago, a kappa lived in the river. This kappa would threaten children who were swimming in the river, pull the tails of horses walking along the river banks and drag them into the water, and generally cause mischief to those around him.

The river this kappa lived in was in a mountain in the province of Hida (modern day Gifu prefecture), and all the villagers were troubled by its presence.

“That damn kappa.  I would sure like to give him a beating at least once!  He’s getting worse and worse every day.”

Finally, some young men who were an excellent swimmers went to the river to get rid of him.

The kappa himself was unbothered by this, and was swimming as always easily at the deep bottom of the river.

“Inside the river is a kappa’s heaven!  Anyone who wants to try their luck with me here is welcome to come.  They will be the ones in for a beating!”

When the young men entered the water, the kappa shot out in a flash, wrapping his body around a young swimmer, pulling harshly on his legs and fixing his face with a terrible glare.  When he was in the water, the kappa was even stronger than on dry land, and he was filled with a mysterious power.  When he was in the water, the kappa would lose to no one.

The young men, afraid of drowning, soon lost confidence and fled from the river and the kappa.  Together, they formed a new plan.

“All right!  The next time we have to get the kappa to leave the water!  Then we can grab him together and turn him upside down to force the water to spill from his head-plate.”

With the plan set in detail, they each decided what role they would play. 

The following day, one of the young men found that the path from the fields were they were growing cucumbers was wet.  Following the path, they found it connected to the river.

“The kappa!  These are clearly the footprints of a kappa…he has come to steal the cucumbers.”

Kappa’s are well known for their love of cucumbers.

The young men quickly informed the rest of their fellows.  Carrying sickles and wooden bats, they crept into position around the cucumber plantation. 

“He’s here.  He’s here.”

In the shade of the cucumber plants a figure the size of a small child was hiding.   It was the kappa.  His skin was green and shiny as if slicked with oil, and on the top of his head was an indented plate filled with water.

“For sure it is the kappa…”

“Hit the top of his head and make him spill the water!  Spill the water!”

Everyone sprang out shouting all at once, leaping on the kappa.

But the kappa was not about to lose. He desperately turned towards them.

For you see, the kappa is not only strong in water.  Even on dry land he is something to fear.  Unless you manage to spill the water from his head plate and dry it out, he has the strength of a hundred men.  Nay, a thousand men!  The kappa effortlessly threw the young men as they came at him.

However, he was having so much fun flinging the young me around that he didn’t notice that the water had spilled from his head-plate.

“Oh no!  What have I done!”

But it was too late.  Picking themselves up off the ground, they saw the kappa lose his power.  Fully drained of strength, the kappa plummeted to the ground.

“What did I do…what did I do…”

Without his water, the kappa was truly helpless.

The young men hoisted the kappa aloft and carried him to the house of the village elder, where he was tightly bound.

“I humbly beg your forgiveness. It is just as you say.  I was wrong….”

The kappa’s mighty energy had left him, and he sobbed uncontrollably, apologizing over and over again in a voice filled with melancholy.

 “Well this is no good.  What do you all say?  What should we do with this kappa?”

The young men gathered together to discuss it.  At length, the daughter of the village elder came by.

“Please, I implore you.  Speak to your father for me.  Help me!  Help me!”

The kappa begged the young woman.

“No way!  You have caused nothing but trouble!  I will never forgive you!”

The daughter grabbed a near-by ladle and smacked the kappa on the head with it.

At that exact moment, the kappa’s strength suddenly returned.

It seems that inside that ladle there was a single drop of water.   And that single drop of water in his head plate was enough.

“Ehhhhhhya!”

With water in his head once more, the kappa used his mighty strength to tear free from his bonds.  However, his right hand was bound more tightly than his other, and in his desperation to get free his right arm ripped from its socket.

“Hey!  The kappa has escaped!  After him!  After him!!!”

In all the confusion, no one was sure where exactly to chase after the kappa,   The now one-armed kappa flew like the wind, escaping to his river home where he dove in and swam quickly to the bottom. 

From then on, the one-armed kappa no longer threatened or annoyed the people of the village.

This is a folktale from Gifu, although similar tales can be found almost anywhere.  The kappa is a terrible creature of mischief, and can be found in Japan anywhere rivers are present.

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